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How Do We Calculate Voter Turnout?

Paul Rader
7 min readAug 22, 2021

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Source: Joan E. Greve, Maanvi Signh, and agencies. The Guardian. “US 2020 election could have the highest rate of voter turnout since 1908.” https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/oct/23/us-2020-election-highest-rate-voter-turnout (accessed August 22, 2021).

Despite the rise in voter turnout in the 2016 and 2020 presidential elections, the United States ranks low compared to other countries’ voter turnout.¹ The comparisons aren’t always straightforward. The CIA’s World Factbook lists that 21 countries use compulsory voting,² where voting is mandated by law. Those who do not vote are subject to penalties through fines, jail time, and/or disenfranchisement. (Relatedly, a Pew Research Center poll in May 2021 suggests mixed opinions among Americans as to whether they would support compulsory voting.³)

Another issue with comparisons concerns how countries track their registered and eligible voters. For example, some countries do not make the data on eligible voters readily available.⁴ This distinction between registered and eligible voters is a critically important component to today’s topic.

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Paul Rader
Paul Rader

Written by Paul Rader

Nonpartisan political analyst, researcher, and speaker; self-published author; bridging political divisions and closing gaps in civic knowledge

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